Ionic
Ionic is an open-source framework for building cross-platform mobile and web apps with web technologies such as HTML, CSS and JavaScript/TypeScript.
Ionic lets developers build native mobile apps for iOS and Android and Progressive Web Apps (PWAs) from a single codebase using familiar web technologies. The framework provides a large library of UI components that adapt to each platform – Material Design on Android, Cupertino style on iOS. Via Capacitor (the successor to Cordova) Ionic accesses native device features such as camera, GPS and push notifications. For organizations that want to serve multiple platforms with one team and one codebase, Ionic is a proven solution.
What is Ionic?
Ionic is an open-source UI framework released in 2013 by Drifty Co. (now Ionic, Inc.) that enables hybrid app development with web technologies. At its core Ionic is a library of over 100 pre-built UI components (buttons, modals, lists, tabs, etc.) implemented as web components, so they can be used with Angular, React, Vue.js or without a framework. The app runs in a WebView – an embedded browser inside a native app shell. Capacitor, Ionic's own native runtime, provides plugins that map JavaScript calls to native iOS and Android APIs (camera, file system, biometrics, push). Ionic apps can be published as native iOS/Android apps (via App Store/Google Play), as a PWA and as a desktop app (via Electron). Ionic also offers enterprise services such as Appflow for CI/CD, live updates and a secure plugin library.
How does Ionic work?
Developers create a new project with the Ionic CLI and choose their preferred framework (Angular, React or Vue). The UI is built with Ionic components, which can be themed via CSS variables. For native features they install Capacitor plugins (e.g. @capacitor/camera, @capacitor/geolocation) and call them via the JavaScript API. Capacitor generates native Xcode and Android Studio projects where the web app runs in an optimized WebView. Changes to web code are reflected directly; native customizations (e.g. custom plugins) are also possible. With Ionic Appflow, updates can be delivered to users without App Store review (live updates).
Practical Examples
Enterprise app: A logistics company builds a driver app with Ionic and Angular that runs on iOS and Android and provides GPS tracking, barcode scanning and offline capability.
Customer portal: An insurer gives its customers an Ionic app for claims with photo upload, push notifications for status and digital insurance cards.
Internal tools: A pharma company builds internal auditing tools with Ionic and React, used on tablets in the plant and as a PWA in the office.
Event app: A conference app uses Ionic for schedule, speaker profiles, interactive maps and live polls – published as iOS app, Android app and PWA at once.
Health app: A telemedicine app connects patients with doctors via video (WebRTC), stores health data locally via Capacitor Storage and syncs when online.
Typical Use Cases
Cross-platform apps: One codebase for iOS, Android and web – ideal for organizations with limited mobile development budget
Enterprise mobility: Internal apps for field service, warehouse and production with offline capability
Progressive Web Apps: Installable web apps with an app-like experience without App Store requirement
Prototypes and MVPs: Fast implementation of app ideas with a web team and no native expertise
Migrating existing web apps: Turn existing Angular, React or Vue web apps into native mobile apps
Advantages and Disadvantages
Advantages
- One codebase: Serve iOS, Android and web from one codebase – significantly reduces development and maintenance cost
- Web technologies: Web developers can build mobile apps without Objective-C/Swift or Kotlin/Java
- Rich UI library: Over 100 platform-adaptive components for a native look and feel on each platform
- Capacitor ecosystem: Access to native APIs via a growing plugin ecosystem – and the option to write custom native plugins
- Live updates: Via Appflow, code changes can be delivered directly to users – without App Store review delay
Disadvantages
- Performance gap: WebView-based apps do not match the performance of fully native apps – unsuitable for graphics-heavy apps (games, complex animations)
- WebView limits: Some native features and animations are limited in the WebView or require native plugins
- Plugin dependency: For special hardware (NFC, Bluetooth LE, AR) you depend on suitable Capacitor plugins
- App size: Ionic apps tend to be larger than fully native apps due to the WebView runtime and embedded web assets
Frequently Asked Questions about Ionic
What is the difference between Ionic and React Native?
What is Capacitor and do I still need Cordova?
Is Ionic suitable for complex enterprise apps?
Related Terms
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