Kanban – Definition, Use Cases and Best Practices at a Glance
Agile method to visualize and control work on a board with columns (To Do, In Progress, Done) and WIP limits for continuous flow.
What is Kanban? Agile Method for Continuous Flow
Kanban is simplicity in practice: a board, cards and clear rules. Originally developed by Toyota for production, Kanban is now one of the most popular agile methods in software. Unlike Scrum there are no fixed sprints – work flows continuously. Kanban fits teams with variable workload: support, maintenance, DevOps and continuous improvement.
This glossary entry for Kanban gives you a clear Definition, practical Use Cases and Best Practices at a glance – with examples, pros and cons, and FAQs.
What is Kanban?
- Kanban – Agile method to visualize and control work on a board with columns (To Do, In Progress, Done) and WIP limits for continuous flow.
Kanban (Japanese: visual signal) is an agile method that makes work visible on a board and controls flow with work-in-progress (WIP) limits. Principles: 1) Visualize the workflow (board with columns for each step), 2) Limit WIP (max tasks per column), 3) Manage flow (measure and improve lead/cycle time), 4) Make process rules explicit, 5) Use feedback loops, 6) Improve collaboratively (Kaizen).
Kanban has no fixed roles, events or timeboxes – it adapts to existing process.
How does Kanban work?
A Kanban board has columns for each step: Backlog, To Do, In Progress, Review, Done. Each task is a card that moves left to right. WIP limits cap how many cards can be in a column (e.g. max 3 in In Progress). When a column is full, no new card enters until one leaves (pull). Blocked cards are marked and addressed.
Metrics: Lead Time (created to done), Cycle Time (in active work), Throughput (completed per period).
Practical Examples
IT support: Tickets flow from Received → Analysis → In progress → Waiting for feedback → Resolved; WIP limit 3 avoids overload.
DevOps: Infrastructure tasks, deployments and incidents on one board, prioritized and processed in continuous flow.
Marketing: Content from Idea → Draft → Review → Design → Approval → Publish – visible to all stakeholders.
Software maintenance: Bugfixes, small features and tech debt prioritized and done continuously, without sprint overhead.
Typical Use Cases
Support and maintenance: Teams with variable, hard-to-plan workload
DevOps and operations: Continuous work without fixed planning cycles
Marketing and content: Creative work with varying lead times
Scrumban: Sprint planning with Kanban flow for day-to-day work
Personal task management: Visualize and limit your own WIP
Advantages and Disadvantages
Advantages
- Easy start: Kanban can be applied to the current process immediately
- Flexible: No fixed sprints or roles – adapts to the team
- Transparent: Everyone sees what’s in progress and where bottlenecks are
- WIP limits reduce multitasking and improve focus and quality
- Continuous improvement: Lead time and cycle time make progress measurable
Disadvantages
- No timeboxes: Without deadlines, work can drag
- Discipline: WIP limits must be respected or Kanban loses effect
- Less structure: No built-in events (e.g. review, retro) like in Scrum
- Prioritization: Without a product owner and sprint planning it can suffer
Frequently Asked Questions about Kanban
Kanban or Scrum?
Scrum when: the team builds a product, delivers regular releases and predictability matters. Kanban when: the team is reactive (support, maintenance, ops), workload varies a lot, or sprint overhead isn’t justified. Scrumban: sprint planning for prioritization, Kanban board with WIP for daily work. Many teams start with Scrum and move to Kanban as they mature.
How do I set the right WIP limit?
Rule of thumb: WIP limit per column ≈ number of people working in that column minus 1. For 4 developers, In Progress limit of 3. Too low: idle time. Too high: multitasking, context switching, long cycle times. Start conservative and adjust from metrics.
Which tool for Kanban?
Digital: Jira (enterprise standard), Trello (simple, visual), Linear (modern, dev-focused), GitHub Projects (next to code). Physical: sticky notes on a whiteboard – often very effective for co-located teams. Applying Kanban well matters more than the tool.
Direct next steps
If you want to apply or evaluate Kanban in a real project, start with these transactional pages:
Kanban in the Context of Modern IT Projects
This page provides a concise definition of Kanban, practical use cases and best practices at a glance — everything you need to evaluate the technology for your next project. Kanban falls within the domain of Methods and plays a significant role across a wide range of IT projects. When evaluating whether Kanban is the right fit, organizations should look beyond the technical merits and consider factors such as existing team expertise, current infrastructure, long-term maintainability, and total cost of ownership.
Drawing on our experience from over 250 software projects, we have found that correctly positioning a technology or methodology within the broader project context often matters more than its isolated strengths.
At Groenewold IT Solutions, we have worked with Kanban across multiple client engagements and understand both its advantages and the typical challenges that arise during adoption. If you are unsure whether Kanban suits your particular requirements, we are happy to provide an honest, no-obligation assessment. We analyze your specific situation and recommend the approach that delivers the most value — even if that means suggesting an alternative solution.
For more terms in the area of Methods and related topics, see our IT Glossary. For concrete applications, costs, and processes we recommend our service pages and topic pages — there you will find many of the concepts explained here put into practice.
Related Terms
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